VAT Calculator

A Tax Built Into the Price, Not Added at Checkout

Value Added Tax works differently from U.S.-style sales tax: it's collected at each stage of production and typically already included in the displayed price, rather than tacked on at the register. That makes the reverse calculation — extracting how much of a shown price is actually VAT — just as common a need as adding VAT to a net amount.

The Formula

Adding VAT: VAT Amount = Net Price × (Rate ÷ 100); Gross Price = Net Price + VAT Amount
Removing VAT: Net Price = Gross Price ÷ (1 + Rate ÷ 100)

Just as with sales tax, removing VAT from a gross price is not the same as subtracting the rate directly — dividing by (1 + rate) correctly reverses the original addition.

Standard VAT Rates in Selected Countries

Standard VAT rates (subject to change by local legislation)
Country	Standard VAT Rate
Germany	19%
United Kingdom	20%
France	20%
Ireland	23%
Sweden	25%
Denmark	25%

Many countries also apply reduced VAT rates to specific goods like food, books, or children's items — these figures are the standard rate only, and governments periodically revise them.

Where This Matters

International invoicing — businesses billing across VAT jurisdictions need to add or extract VAT correctly for compliant invoices.
Cross-border shopping — understanding whether a displayed price already includes VAT before comparing it to a tax-exclusive price elsewhere.
VAT refund claims — travelers and businesses reclaiming VAT need to know the exact tax component of a purchase.

How to Use This Calculator

Choose the mode: Add VAT to Net Price or Remove VAT from Gross Price.
Enter the Amount (net price or gross price, depending on mode).
Enter the VAT Rate as a percentage.
Select Calculate to see the resulting gross or net price.

Related Calculations

For U.S.-style sales tax instead, see the Sales Tax Calculator, or check income tax with the Tax Calculator.