Finance Calculators

Alpha Calculator

Calculate Jensen's Alpha to see whether a portfolio outperformed or underperformed its risk-adjusted expected return, based on its beta and the market return.

Alpha of Portfolio Calculator

Calculate a multi-holding portfolio's combined alpha from each position's weight and individual alpha, showing the portfolio's total risk-adjusted return.

Amortization Schedule Calculator

Generate a year-by-year loan amortization schedule showing exactly how much of each payment goes to principal versus interest until the loan is fully paid off.

Annuity Calculator

Calculate the future value or present value of a fixed monthly payment stream, useful for projecting retirement contributions or pricing a stream of payments.

APR Calculator

Calculate a loan's true Annual Percentage Rate by factoring upfront fees and closing costs on top of the nominal interest rate the lender originally quoted.

APR vs APY Calculator

Convert between a loan or account's nominal APR and its effective APY at any compounding frequency, showing exactly how compounding raises the real annual rate.

APY Calculator

Convert a nominal interest rate and compounding frequency into the effective Annual Percentage Yield, for comparing savings accounts and CDs on equal footing.

Beta Calculator

Calculate an asset's beta from paired return series, measuring how much more or less volatile it has historically been compared to the overall market index.

Beta of Portfolio Calculator

Calculate a multi-holding portfolio's combined beta from each position's weight and individual beta, producing one figure for overall market sensitivity.

Bond Duration Calculator

Calculate a bond's Macaulay and modified duration from its face value, coupon rate, maturity, and market yield, measuring its interest rate sensitivity.

Bond Price Calculator

Calculate a bond's fair price by discounting its coupon payments and face value repayment at the current market yield to see if it trades at a premium.

Bond Yield Calculator

Calculate a bond's current yield from its coupon and price, or estimate its yield to maturity using face value, market price, coupon rate, and maturity.

CAGR Calculator

Calculate the compound annual growth rate between a beginning and ending value over any number of years, a figure that smooths out year-to-year volatility.

Calmar Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Calmar ratio by dividing annualized return by maximum drawdown, a standard measure of return earned per unit of worst-case portfolio decline.

Capital Gains Calculator

Calculate the capital gain or loss on an investment sale, classify it as short-term or long-term based on holding period, and estimate the tax owed on it.

CAPM Calculator

Calculate a stock's expected return under the Capital Asset Pricing Model from the risk-free rate, beta, and expected market return, the standard CAPM formula.

Compound Interest Calculator

Calculate how a principal amount grows with compound interest at annual, semi-annual, quarterly, monthly, or daily compounding frequencies over any term length.

Correlation of Returns Calculator

Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient between two assets' historical return series to measure how closely they move together for diversification.

Credit Card Payoff Calculator

Simulate paying off a credit card balance with a fixed monthly payment, showing the exact payoff timeline and total interest charged at your card's APR.

Debt Consolidation Calculator

Compare paying off multiple debts at their current rates versus consolidating into one new loan, showing the interest savings and revised payoff timeline.

Debt Payoff Calculator

Calculate exactly how many months it will take to pay off a debt at a fixed monthly payment and interest rate, plus the total interest paid over that time.

Debt-to-Income Ratio Calculator

Calculate your debt-to-income ratio from monthly debt payments and gross income, the key figure lenders check when evaluating a mortgage or loan application.

Discount Calculator

Calculate the final price after applying a percentage discount, or work backward from a sale price and discount rate to find the original pre-discount price.

Dividend Calculator

Calculate dividend yield from share price, project dividend income from shares owned, or estimate long-term growth with dividends reinvested through a DRIP.

Dividend Reinvestment (DRIP) Calculator

Project a dividend reinvestment plan's growth over time, compounding share count from reinvested dividends alongside separate price and dividend growth rates.

Dividend Yield Calculator

Calculate a stock's dividend yield from its annual dividend per share and current share price, the standard figure used to compare income-focused investments.

Dollar Cost Averaging Calculator

Project the future value of a fixed periodic investment made on a set schedule, showing total contributed versus investment gain at your expected annual return.

Effective Interest Rate Calculator

Convert a nominal interest rate into the Effective Annual Rate at any compounding frequency, from simple annual compounding through continuous compounding.

Emergency Fund Calculator

Calculate your target emergency fund size from monthly essential expenses and a chosen coverage window, plus the remaining shortfall versus current savings.

EMI Calculator

Calculate the Equated Monthly Installment for a loan or credit purchase, including total payment and total interest across any repayment tenure in months.

Enterprise Value Calculator

Calculate a company's enterprise value from market capitalization, total debt, preferred equity, minority interest, and cash, a fuller measure than market cap.

Expected Return Calculator

Calculate an investment's expected return as a probability-weighted average across several future scenarios and each scenario's estimated rate of return.

Expense Ratio Calculator

Calculate how a fund's annual expense ratio compounds against your balance over time, showing the total dollar cost of fees versus a fee-free comparison.

Free Cash Flow Calculator

Calculate free cash flow from operating cash flow and capital expenditures, or build it up from net income, depreciation, working capital change, and capex.

Future Value Calculator

Project the future value of a present amount plus monthly contributions, compounded at a chosen annual rate, broken down by growth source over any term.

Income Tax Calculator

Calculate US federal income tax using the 2024 progressive tax brackets and standard deduction for your filing status, plus effective and marginal tax rates.

Inflation Calculator

Calculate the future cost of today's money or the present-day value of a future amount, adjusted for a chosen annual inflation rate over any number of years.

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Calculator

Solve numerically for a project's internal rate of return, the discount rate at which its cash flows produce a net present value of zero, via bisection.

Investment Calculator

Project the future value of an initial investment plus monthly contributions at a given annual return, with a breakdown of growth versus contributions.

Loan Amortization Calculator

Generate a year-by-year loan amortization breakdown showing the monthly payment, total interest, and how much of each payment covers principal versus interest.

Loan Calculator

Calculate your monthly loan payment, total interest, and total cost using the exact amortization formula lenders use for personal, auto, and student loans.

Loan Comparison Calculator

Compare two loan offers side by side, each with its own principal, interest rate, and term, to see which one actually costs less in total interest paid.

MAR Ratio Calculator

Calculate the MAR ratio by dividing compound annual growth rate by maximum drawdown, a long-standing benchmark used in managed futures performance reporting.

Monthly Payment Calculator

Calculate the fixed monthly payment on a loan using the standard amortization formula, along with the total amount paid and total interest over its full term.

Mortgage Affordability Calculator

Estimate the maximum home price your income supports using standard front-end and back-end debt-to-income ratios, your debts, down payment, and loan terms.

Mortgage Calculator

Calculate your full monthly mortgage payment including principal, interest, property tax, insurance, PMI, and HOA fees, plus total interest over the loan.

Mortgage Refinance Calculator

Compare your current mortgage payment against a refinanced rate and term, and calculate the break-even point in months needed to recoup the closing costs.

Net Present Value (NPV) Calculator

Calculate a project's net present value by discounting its expected cash flows at your required rate of return and subtracting the initial investment cost.

Net Worth Calculator

Calculate your net worth by totaling cash, investments, real estate, and other assets, then subtracting your mortgage, loans, and other outstanding liabilities.

Omega Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Omega ratio from a series of periodic returns and a chosen threshold, weighing total gains above the threshold against total losses below it.

Payback Period Calculator

Calculate how many years it takes an investment's cash flows to recover its initial cost, a simple liquidity and risk check independent of discounting.

Payroll Tax Calculator

Calculate Social Security, Medicare, and income tax withheld from a salary at any pay frequency, showing your net take-home pay per paycheck after all taxes.

Portfolio Return Calculator

Calculate a multi-asset portfolio's weighted average return from each holding's individual weight and return, with weights normalized automatically for you.

Present Value Calculator

Discount a known future amount back to today's dollars at a chosen annual rate and compounding frequency, the core formula behind bond and settlement pricing.

Risk Calculator

Calculate the standard deviation of a series of periodic returns and annualize it to measure an investment's historical volatility, commonly used as risk.

Rule of 70 Calculator

Estimate how many years it takes a growing quantity to double at a given annual growth rate using the Rule of 70, commonly applied to inflation and GDP.

Rule of 72 Calculator

Estimate how many years it takes an investment to double at a given annual interest rate using the classic Rule of 72 mental-math compounding shortcut.

Sales Tax Calculator

Add sales tax to a price to find the total owed, or work backward from a total that already includes tax to find the pre-tax price at any sales tax rate.

Sales Tax Deduction Calculator

Calculate your deductible state and local sales tax under the itemized SALT deduction, applying the current filing-status cap to your estimated annual spending.

Savings Calculator

Project how an initial deposit plus regular monthly deposits will grow at a given interest rate, showing total deposited versus interest earned over the term.

Savings Goal Calculator

Calculate the monthly deposit needed to reach a specific savings goal by a target date, accounting for investment growth on the savings you already hold.

Sharpe Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Sharpe ratio from portfolio return, the risk-free rate, and standard deviation to measure the return earned per unit of total risk taken.

Sortino Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Sortino ratio from portfolio return, a target return, and downside deviation to measure risk-adjusted performance using only downside volatility.

Standard Deviation of Portfolio Calculator

Calculate a two-asset portfolio's combined standard deviation from each asset's weight, individual volatility, and the correlation coefficient between them.

Sterling Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Sterling ratio from annualized return and average maximum drawdown, a smoothed alternative to the Calmar ratio used in fund performance reports.

Tax Calculator

Calculate US federal income tax owed using the progressive 2024 tax brackets for single or married filers, plus your effective tax rate and after-tax income.

Tip Calculator

Calculate the tip amount on a restaurant bill and split the total evenly among any number of people, showing the tip per person and total owed per person.

Treynor Ratio Calculator

Calculate the Treynor ratio from portfolio return, the risk-free rate, and beta to measure excess return earned per unit of systematic market risk taken.

Value at Risk Calculator

Estimate a portfolio's Value at Risk using the parametric method, based on portfolio value, standard deviation, time horizon, and chosen confidence level.

VAT Calculator

Add VAT to a net price to find the gross price charged, or extract the VAT amount and net price from a gross total that already includes tax, at any rate.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) Calculator

Calculate a company's weighted average cost of capital from its equity and debt weights, cost of equity, cost of debt, and applicable corporate tax rate.

Yield to Maturity Calculator

Solve numerically for a bond's yield to maturity from its face value, coupon rate, years to maturity, and current market price using the bisection method.

The Formulas Behind Every Major Money Decision

Personal and corporate finance both run on a surprisingly small set of core formulas — present value, compound interest, and rate of return — applied over and over in different contexts: a mortgage payment, a bond price, a retirement projection, an investment's expected return. More than seventy calculators here cover that full range, from everyday budgeting math to formal investment analysis.

Popular Finance Calculators

Highlights across borrowing, investing, and planning:

  • Compound Interest Calculator — projects investment growth with interest compounding at a chosen frequency.
  • Amortization Schedule Calculator — breaks a loan into its full schedule of principal and interest payments over time.
  • Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Calculator — finds the discount rate that makes a series of cash flows net to zero, standard for comparing investment opportunities.
  • Bond Yield Calculator — calculates the actual return a bond delivers given its price, coupon, and time to maturity.
  • CAGR Calculator — finds the smoothed annual growth rate of an investment across an uneven return period.

Why the Same Interest Rate Can Mean Different Things

APR and APY look similar but answer different questions — APR is the simple annualized rate before compounding, while APY includes the effect of compounding within the year, which is why a loan's APR and a savings account's APY aren't directly comparable even at the same headline percentage. This distinction matters most on shorter compounding periods: a 12% APR compounded monthly produces a noticeably higher effective annual rate than a flat 12% APY, which is exactly the kind of gap these calculators are built to make visible rather than leaving to a footnote.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is IRR the same as ROI?
No — ROI is a simple total return percentage over a period, while IRR accounts for the timing of cash flows, making it more accurate for comparing investments with different cash flow schedules.

Why does a small change in interest rate affect a mortgage payment so much?
Interest compounds over the full loan term, so even a fraction of a percentage point shift changes the total interest paid substantially over 15 or 30 years, even though the monthly payment difference looks small at first glance.

Explore More

Planning specifically for retirement? See the Retirement Calculators, or check mortgage-specific tools in the Real Estate Calculators.