Life Insurance Calculator

What Would Your Income Actually Need to Replace?

Most life insurance shopping starts with a guess — "ten times my salary" or a round number that feels safe. The income-replacement method used here builds the figure from your actual obligations instead: how many years of income your household depends on, what debts would remain unpaid, what future costs (college, a mortgage payoff, a spouse's retirement gap) are still ahead, and what savings or existing assets would already cover part of the gap. The result is a coverage target grounded in your numbers rather than a marketing rule of thumb.

The Formula

This calculator pulls directly from the income-replacement method used by financial planners:

Coverage Needed = (Annual Income × Years to Replace) + Debts + Future Expenses − Existing Assets

Income Replacement is the core of the calculation — your annual income multiplied by the number of years your dependents would need it. Outstanding debts and anticipated future expenses (college tuition, a wedding, elder care) are added on top, and existing assets or savings are subtracted since they already offset part of the need.

A Worked Example

Coverage calculation for a household earning $75,000/year replacing income for 10 years
ComponentAmount
Income Replacement ($75,000 × 10 years)$750,000
+ Outstanding Debts$20,000
+ Future Expenses (education, etc.)$30,000
− Existing Assets / Savings−$15,000
Coverage Needed$785,000

Figures above are illustrative; substitute your own income, debt, and savings numbers in the calculator.

Where This Matters

  • New policy shopping — gives you a defensible target coverage amount before you start comparing term life quotes, rather than anchoring on an arbitrary round number.
  • Life changes — a new mortgage, a new child, or a paid-off debt all shift the calculation; recalculating after major changes keeps coverage aligned with actual need.
  • Reviewing existing coverage — plug in your current policy face value as "existing assets" to see whether you're underinsured relative to today's obligations.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter your annual income.
  2. Enter the number of years of income your dependents would need replaced (common planning horizons run 10–20 years, or until the youngest child is financially independent).
  3. Enter any outstanding debts you'd want covered (mortgage balance, loans), if applicable.
  4. Enter anticipated future expenses such as college costs, if applicable.
  5. Enter existing assets or savings that would already offset the need, if applicable.
  6. Select Calculate to see the estimated coverage amount.

Related Calculations

Once you have a target coverage figure, compare the cost of getting there with the Term vs Whole Life Calculator, or check your overall protection with the Coverage Calculator.