Quadratic Equation Calculator

Every Parabola Has a Story to Tell

Any equation of the form ax² + bx + c = 0 describes a parabola, and where that parabola crosses the x-axis — if it does at all — is exactly what the quadratic formula reveals. This calculator takes the three coefficients and returns every case the formula can produce: two distinct real roots, one repeated root, or a pair of complex roots when the parabola never touches the x-axis.

The Formula

x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / 2a

The term under the square root, b² − 4ac, is the discriminant. Its sign determines which of the three cases applies: positive gives two real roots, zero gives one repeated root, and negative gives two complex conjugate roots.

Where Quadratics Appear

  • Projectile motion — the height of a thrown or launched object over time follows a quadratic curve, and the roots are when it hits the ground.
  • Profit and break-even analysis — revenue and cost functions that include a squared term produce quadratic profit equations.
  • Engineering design — parabolic arcs in bridges, satellite dishes, and structural curves are described by quadratic equations.
  • Algebra coursework — verifying factored or completed-square solutions against the formula.
Worked examples by discriminant sign
EquationDiscriminantRoots
x² − 5x + 6 = 01 (positive)x = 3, x = 2
x² − 4x + 4 = 00x = 2 (repeated)
x² + 2x + 5 = 0−16 (negative)x = −1 + 2i, x = −1 − 2i

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter Coefficient a (the coefficient of x²).
  2. Enter Coefficient b (the coefficient of x).
  3. Enter Coefficient c (the constant term).
  4. Select Calculate to see the discriminant and the resulting root(s).

Related Calculations

Need to simplify an expression or solve a linear equation instead? The Algebra Calculator handles those cases. For area and other parabola-adjacent geometry, see the Geometry Calculator.