Stoichiometric Air Requirement Calculator

The Exact Air a Fuel Needs to Burn Completely

Stoichiometric air requirement is the theoretical minimum air needed to burn a fuel completely, with nothing left over on either side of the reaction. It's calculated directly from a fuel's ultimate analysis — the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur by mass.

The Formula

Theoretical Air = 11.5C + 34.5(H − O/8) + 4.32S

C, H, O, and S are mass fractions from the fuel's ultimate analysis (as decimals), and the result is in kg of air per kg of fuel.

Worked Example

For a fuel that is 84% carbon, 12% hydrogen, 2% oxygen, and 1% sulfur:

Air = 11.5(0.84) + 34.5(0.12 − 0.02/8) + 4.32(0.01) = 13.63 kg air/kg fuel

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the fuel's Carbon and Hydrogen percentage by mass.
  2. Enter Oxygen and Sulfur percentage if known (optional, defaults to 0).
  3. Select Calculate to get the theoretical air requirement.

Related Calculations

Add a safety margin with the Excess Air Calculator, or find actual air supply needed in the Actual Air Requirement Calculator.