Photography Calculators

Camera Crop Factor Calculator

Compute sensor crop factor from sensor dimensions, plus full-frame-equivalent focal length and aperture, for cross-format lens and camera comparisons.

Camera Exposure Calculator

Convert aperture, shutter speed, and ISO into an EV100 exposure value for comparing exposures across different cameras and lighting conditions accurately.

Camera Focal Length Calculator

Convert between focal length and horizontal angle of view for any sensor width, in either direction, for lens selection and shot framing planning.

Golden Hour Calculator

Work out morning and evening golden hour windows from today's sunrise and sunset times, for planning portrait, landscape, and film shoot schedules in advance.

Hyperfocal Distance Calculator

Calculate the hyperfocal distance from focal length, aperture, and sensor format to maximize depth of field in landscape and street photography.

Image Compression Calculator

Estimate uncompressed and compressed image file size from pixel dimensions, color mode, and compression ratio, for storage, backup, and upload planning.

Image DPI Calculator

Find the DPI a given pixel resolution yields at a target print size, or the pixel resolution required to hit a target DPI and print size, in either direction.

ISO Exposure Calculator

Determine the equivalent shutter speed or aperture needed after an ISO change to keep total exposure constant, with the underlying stop math shown.

Photography Depth of Field Calculator

Calculate exact near and far depth-of-field limits from focal length, aperture, subject distance, and sensor format, plus the hyperfocal distance behind them.

Print Size DPI Calculator

Convert pixel dimensions and target DPI into maximum print size in inches and centimeters, for checking a file before ordering a print at a lab.

The Optics and Exposure Math Behind Every Shot

Photography's technical side runs on a small set of interlocking relationships — aperture, shutter speed, and ISO trading off to control exposure, and focal length combined with sensor crop factor determining a lens's real field of view on a given camera body. Ten calculators here cover exposure, depth of field, and print sizing math.

Popular Photography Calculators

Ten tools span exposure, optics, and printing:

  • Camera Exposure Calculator — balances aperture, shutter speed, and ISO to achieve a target exposure value.
  • Photography Depth of Field Calculator — estimates the zone of acceptable sharpness based on aperture, focal length, and focus distance.
  • Hyperfocal Distance Calculator — finds the focus distance that maximizes depth of field from a given point to infinity.
  • Camera Crop Factor Calculator — converts a lens's focal length into its full-frame-equivalent field of view for a given sensor size.
  • Print Size DPI Calculator — checks whether an image's resolution supports a target print size at acceptable print quality.

Why the Same Lens Behaves Differently on Different Cameras

A 50mm lens doesn't produce the same field of view on every camera — a smaller sensor (like APS-C) captures a narrower crop of the image circle a lens projects, which is why that same 50mm lens behaves roughly like a 75-80mm lens in full-frame-equivalent field of view on a common APS-C crop factor. This is exactly why crop factor calculators matter for photographers switching between camera bodies with different sensor sizes, since a lens purchased expecting one field of view can produce a noticeably different framing on a different sensor format.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do exposure settings trade off instead of using a single "correct" setting?
The same total exposure can be achieved through different combinations of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO, each with different creative side effects (depth of field, motion blur, noise), which is why exposure is a triangle of tradeoffs rather than one fixed answer.

What DPI is actually needed for a quality print?
300 DPI at the final print size is a common professional standard, though larger prints viewed from a greater distance can look acceptable at lower DPI since fine detail becomes less perceptible further from the print.

Explore More

Working with video instead of stills? See the Video Calculators, or check print production specifics in the Printing Calculators.